Poles “are distancing themselves from systematic religious practices…”
From Reuters: Fewer Poles going to church, most still believe: poll
WARSAW (Reuters) – Fewer Poles attend church services every week or have confidence in the papacy than a decade ago but levels of religious belief remain very high in Poland, according to a survey published on Thursday.
Poland is probably the most religiously observant country in Europe and its churches are generally packed on Sundays, in strong contrast to the empty or half-empty pews commonly found in many other parts of the continent.
The poll, published in the Rzeczpospolita daily, showed 37 percent of Poles go to mass every Sunday, down from 42 percent in 1998, but the number of people going to church on a less regular basis showed a small increase.
Confidence in the papacy has slipped to 80 percent from 91 percent in 1998, when Polish-born Pope John Paul II led the Catholic Church, the poll showed. German-born Pope Benedict XVI took over the church in 2005 after John Paul’s death.
The poll, conducted by the Institute of Sociology attached to Warsaw’s University of Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski, showed 81 percent of Poles count themselves religious believers, against 86 percent in 1998.
A further 11 percent still feel attached to Catholic traditions even if they are not sure about belief, it said. Only three percent described themselves as non-believers, unchanged from 1998.
In line with church teachings, more than two thirds of Poles are opposed to abortion, up slightly from 1998, and more than half oppose divorce, also up from 11 years earlier.
“Poles are not abandoning (religious) belief… but are distancing themselves from systematic religious practices,” Slawomir Zareba, the professor and priest who organized the poll, told the newspaper.
The Catholic Church played a key role in preserving a strong sense of national identity among Poland’s 38 million people during decades of atheistic communist rule.
I saw this coming seventeen years ago as friends complained about clergy focusing on politics rather than the spiritual life, including from the pulpit. Back then Sunday attendance was still de rigueur — people actually questioned you if they didn’t see you at Sunday Mass. The children of those people are now foregoing ecclesiastical marriages and church attendance.
I also predict that the Church will loose more and more adherents as the new crop of clergy coming out of Polish seminaries forego the hidden wife/girlfriend for the hidden boyfriend. There has been a seed change in many of the seminaries.
The Polish Church’s focus on politics and its internal hypocrisies will have a far greater affect on attendance and adherence than membership in the E.U. and migration will ever have. It is too bad really. In cases like this the Church only has itself to blame.
I have to admit that the Polish Roman Catholic Church’s “focus on politics” may have some effect on attendance, but I question why you
wrote:
I also predict that the Church will loose more and more adherents as the new crop of clergy coming out of Polish seminaries forego the hidden wife/girlfriend for the hidden boyfriend. There has been a seed change in many of the seminaries.
Can you elaborate and explain why (evidence) you say there is this change? Please refer us to any published studies.
As we know, American seminaries have come under a great deal of scrutiny in this regard. The term “Lavender Mafia” was coined, primarily in relation to American dioceses and seminaries. Seminaries and dioceses in other countries, like Austria, have been subject to review as well. The Roman Church, especially under Benedict XVI, has taken measures to turn this tide.
There have been no similar studies of the Church in Poland, likely for obvious reasons, an aura of traditionalism and protection from Rome.
I have first hand accounts, as well and anecdotal information of how changes in Rectors has led to a re-ordering (re-orienting) of seminary culture in Poland.
I would speculate that the Church still offers a respectable course of life for homosexual men in a very traditional society. While economic opportunities have opened for all men (you don’t have to become a priest to make a good living anymore), a heterosexual man has an easier time of fitting in society. A homosexual man can still fit in society through a vocation to the priesthood, achieve a respected position, and have opportunities for advancement, without having to explain anything.
Note that I am not saying that these men will rampantly run about with their “secret loves” on display. Many will certainly attempt to lead chaste and holy lives (as should all unmarried persons). Unfortunately, the experiences in other countries will also play out.
As to articles, most studies have focused on the United States and more recently Ireland. This NY Times article from 2002 indicates the extent to which coercion is used in Poland to silence critics, especially within the clergy. It hasn’t changed much. Bishops and seminary Rectors still wield great power in Poland, occasionally self-serving and without charity.